Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases in the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each type has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases in the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each type has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
But one thing does not change with pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will remain a thing of the past, because the basis for treating pancreatitis is diet almost for life.Pancreas does not forgive mistakes in nutrition, immediately reacts with pain and indigestion.
The basics of pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;it develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, as a result of liver and gallbladder disorders, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, dieting for the purpose of losing weight.
The main symptoms of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, like a dagger, almost to the point of loss of consciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- bowel irregularities, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
For acute pancreatitis, you are usually hospitalized.Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.Self-medication in the case of pancreatitis is dangerous because of the development of complications including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic liquefaction of gland tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which can be fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis
Medicines, enzymes and dietary therapy for pancreatitis are selected by the doctor, based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of diet correction always remain more or less the same.They give rest to digestion and pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Diet for pancreatitis is very limited - most of the usual foods should be forgotten.You need to eat regularly, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with 8 hours of sleep.But the portions should be small in amount - about 200-250 g, especially the first time after the exacerbation of the disease.
All dishes are mechanically processed - almost all of them are eaten pure.Then, when the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but you need to chew the food carefully.
Since the whole body suffers from a lack of nutrients during pancreatitis,it is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average, up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which are very stressful for the pancreas, are limited to a minimum.Carbohydrates are given about 300 g per day, fat - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a juice effect are removed from the diet - meat and fish soups, cabbage juice and stews;for periods of severe painful attacks, therapeutic fasting is recommended for a period of 1-2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour throughout the day.
Naturally, with pancreatitis it is necessary to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.They are the strongest provocateurs of looting.
What should be excluded?
The list of prohibited products will be quite overwhelming and can be frustrating at first.However, without complying with these restrictions, clearance can take a very long time.Gradually, you can develop your diet carefully, adhering to the general principles of proper nutrition.
Therefore, for the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, you need to exclude:
- beet soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, soup with meat, mushroom and fish soup, the soup itself;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- viscera - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned food;
- sausage;
- fatty fish (catfish, stellate sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty dairy dishes - cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- egg yolk, boiled egg;
- millet, corn, barley, bean side dishes;
- cabbage, turnips, turnips, rutabaga, eggplant, shallots and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and bell peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- hot fries, sauce, marinade, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, juice, cocoa;
- all fresh bread and pastries, pancakes, pies, shortbread.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this is only for the duration of the acute process.Then you can gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about annoying and "heavy" dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very diverse, but it aims to maintain rest for the pancreas and relieve inflammation.
Allowed:
- dry overnight bread, crackers;
- vegetables, noodle soup;
- steamed meat and chicken dishes - cut, meatballs, rolls, pate, meat puree;
- stewed fish fillet (low fat), grilled fish, omelette;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and light cheese, kefir;
- vegetable oil and butter (in porridge);
- vegetable purees and stews, stewed vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oats, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rosehip decoction, herbal tea, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Sample menu
Keep in mind that this menu can be used at home, when the severity decreases;in the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and gradual introduction of food are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, which are approximately equal in calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: cut steamed chicken - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, pureed zucchini - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, boiled rose hips - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
Second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef cutlet - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, mineral water - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, sandwich with cheese (30 g of cheese, a piece of toast), weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
The third day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, ground into puree - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: boiled vegetables - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
The fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, boiled rose hips - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelet - 100 g, baked sweet apple, mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
The fifth day
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
- Second breakfast: cut steamed chicken - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dry white bread - 1 slice, 200 ml milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish pieces - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 slice, rose hip stew - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 2 pcs.
- Afternoon snack: baked fruit - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly follow the diet and follow all instructions, you can quickly achieve relief.But a fairly strict diet with "heavy" food restrictions will last from 3 to 6 months.And then you will always have to limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.